Propofol

Provider Level

RN/Paramedic

Class

Sedative-hypnotic, general anesthetic

Mechanism of Action

Produces rapid and brief global CNS depression, likely through potentiation of GABA-A receptors.

Indications

Induction and maintenance of general anesthesia, continuous sedation for mechanically ventilated patients.

Contraindications

Known hypersensitivity to propofol or its emulsion components including egg lecithin, soybean oil, and glycerol.

Routes

IV, IO

Onset / Duration

Onset: Less than 1 minute. Duration: 3 to 10 minutes depending on dose and infusion rate.

Adverse Effects

Severe hypotension, apnea, respiratory depression, injection site pain, bradycardia, propofol infusion syndrome (with prolonged use).

Precautions & Interactions

Use with caution in hemodynamically unstable or hypovolemic patients, the elderly, and those with severe cardiac disease. Anticipate and prepare for airway management and cardiovascular support.

Special Considerations

Strict aseptic technique is required as the lipid emulsion supports rapid microbial growth. Propofol provides no analgesia. Continuous monitoring of hemodynamics, oxygenation, and ventilation is mandatory.