Ampicillin

Provider Level

RN/Paramedic

Class

Aminopenicillin antibiotic

Mechanism of Action

Bactericidal; inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis by binding to penicillin-binding proteins.

Indications

Treatment of susceptible bacterial infections including meningitis, sepsis, and endocarditis; primarily seen in interfacility transport.

Contraindications

Known hypersensitivity to any penicillin.

Routes

IV, IO, IM, PO

Onset / Duration

Onset: Immediate for IV, rapid for IM. Duration: 4 to 6 hours.

Adverse Effects

Anaphylaxis, allergic skin rash, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, phlebitis at IV site.

Precautions & Interactions

Use with caution in patients with known cephalosporin allergies due to potential cross-reactivity. Extreme caution in patients with asthma or severe allergies.

Special Considerations

Authorized provider levels: RN/Paramedic. Continuously monitor for hypersensitivity reactions and airway compromise. Do not mix with aminoglycosides in the same IV line.